![]() Lithium metal is isolated electrolytically from a mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride. Due to its solubility as an ion, it is present in ocean water and is commonly obtained from brines. It does not occur freely in nature, but occurs mainly as pegmatitic minerals, which were once the main source of lithium. It corrodes quickly in air to a dull silvery gray, then black tarnish. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and must be stored in vacuum, inert atmosphere, or inert liquid such as purified kerosene or mineral oil. Under standard conditions, it is the least dense metal and the least dense solid element. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Lithium (from Ancient Greek λίθος ( líthos) 'stone') is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3.
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